NAME………………………………….……ADM NO. ……………CLASS…….
SCHOOL …………………………………………………
231/1
BIOLOGY
PAPER 1
Time: 2 HOURS
MOKASAIIJOINTEVALUATIONEXAMINATION
KenyaCertificateofSecondaryEducation
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
- Answer ALL the questions.
- Answers must be written in the spaces provided in the question paper.
- Additional pages must not be inserted.
- The paper consists of 13 printed pages.
FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY
Question | Maximum score | Candidate’s score |
1-32 | 80
|
- Other than observing, name one other scientific skill developed by studying biology.(1mark)
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- Name the branch of Biology that deals with the study of phylogenetic relationship among
Organisms. (1mark)
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- State three structural adaptations of the Red blood cell to its function. (3marks)
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- The following is a transverse section from a young root
(a)(i) Name parts Q and U (2marks)
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(ii) With a reason, name the class of the plant from which the root was obtained (2marks)
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(b) State the function of the part labelled Q (1mark)
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- A little starch solution was kept in a water bath at 37ºC. After a few minutes, the same volume of saliva was added. The experiment was left to stand for 15minutes. The mixture was then tested with Benedict’s solution.
- a) What would you do to the mixture after adding Benedict’s solution in order to get the valid results? (1mark) ………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
- b) What final color would the solution change to? (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………..………
- c) If you added iodine instead of Benedict’s solution to the mixture of saliva and starch, what colour would the solution have? (1mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………6.A patient complained of frequent thirst. A sample of the patient’s urine was found not to have any sugar.
(a)Name the hormone the person was deficient of. (1mark)
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(b)Name the gland that secretes the above hormone. (1mark)
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- State the advantage of desert animals excreting their nitrogenous waste in form of urea and not ammonia. (1mark)
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- In an investigation, the pancreatic duct of a mammal was blocked. It was found that the blood sugar regulation remained normal while, food digestion was impaired. Explain these observations. (2 marks)
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- Explain why glucose does not appear in urine of a healthy person even though it is filtered in
the Bowman’s capsule of a mammal. (1mark)
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- Explain why Lamarck’s theory of evolution is not accepted by biologists today (1mark)
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- Distinguish between survival of the fittest and struggle for existence (2marks)
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- The diagram below illustrates a U-tube whose arms are separated by a membrane that allows water molecules only to pass.
- State how the levels of the liquids in the arms would be after several hours. (1mark)
Arm A ……………………………………………………………………………..
Arm B ………………………………………………………………………………
- Explain the process taking place in the arms of the U-tube (3marks)
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- The equation below represents a physiological process that occur in plants.
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
- Name two conditions necessary for the process to occur (2marks)
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- Identify two adaptations of the leaf for the process indicated by the equation above. (2marks)
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- (a)Explain the observation made on the shoot when a seedling is placed on a horizontal position (3marks)
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b)Black ants will always move to where there is sugar.name the response (1mark)
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- The diagram below shows a nerve cell. Study it and answer the question that follow.
- Identify the type of neurone (1mark)
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- Give reasons for your answer in 17 (a) above (1mark)
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- c) On the diagram, Indicate the direction of flow of impulse (1mark)
- The diagram below is simple illustration of central nervous system and nerve supply system to the arm. The parts A, B, C and D represents points of which he nervous system can be blocked.
Identify the part that is blocked when
- The hand is withdrawn but no pain is felt (1mark)
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- The pain is felt and the hand is withdrawn (1mark)
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- The pain is felt but the hand cannot be withdrawn (1mark)
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- The pain is not felt but the hand can be withdrawn at will (1mark)
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- Explain how knowledge of genetics can be applied in blood grouping and transfusion. (2marks)
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- The table below is a representation of a chromatid with genes along its length.It undergoes mutation to appear as shown below.
Before Mutation | L | M | N | O | P | Q |
After mutation | L | O | N | M | P | Q |
- Name the type of chromosomal mutation represented (1mark)
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- Name one mutagenic agent (1mark)
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19.A certain species of a flowering plant has 23 chromosomes in the somatic cells. State and explain the number of chromosomes present in the endosperm nucleus. (2marks)
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- The diagram below represents a stage in cell division. Study it and answer the questions that follow
- Identify the stage of cell division shown in the diagram above (1mark)
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- Give a reason for your answer in 22 (a) above (1mark)
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- The diagram below illustrates a mature embryo sac.
- Name the structures labelled: (2marks)
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B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. - What does structure C to transform after fertilization(1mark)
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- Explain why pregnancy is not lost after the first trimester even if the ovaries are removed .
(3marks)
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- Identify two adaptations of a gaseous exchange surface (2marks)
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- (a) Identify the function following parts of a microscope (2marks)
(i)Diaphragm
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(ii)Condenser
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(b)Explain the term resolution as used in microscopy (1mark)
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- Name two supportive tissues in plants that are lignified (2marks)
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- The diagram below represents nitrogen circulation in an ecosystem.
(a) Identify the following organisms (3marks)
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B ……………………………………………………………………………..
(b) Name process E
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- (a) Name the type of muscles found in the gut. (1mark)
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(b) Give one difference between the muscles above and the one found in the heart (1mark)
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- State two methods of preventing malaria. (2marks)
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- A process that occurs in plants is represented by the equation below.
C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + Energy
(a) Name the process. (1mark)
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(b) State the economic importance of this process. (1mark)
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- State any two rules of binomial nomenclature. (2marks) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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- (a) Name the causative agents of the following human diseases (2 marks)
(i) Bilharzia…………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii)Amoebic Dysentery……………………………………………………………………………
(b) State three methods of controlling air pollution (3 marks)
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- The diagram below represents a bone and synovial joint. Use it to answer questions that follow.
- Name the bone that articulates with bone labelled K anteriorly (1 mark)
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- Name the part labeled N (1 mark)
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- Identify the synovial joint above (1 mark)
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