SCHEME OF WORK FORM FOUR BUSINESS STUDIES TERM ONE 20……….. | |||||||
WKNO. | L/NO | TOPIC/SUBTOPIC | LESSON / SPECIFICOBJECTIVES | TEACHING / LEARNINGACTIVITIES | MATERIALS / RESOURCES | REF. | REM. |
1 | 1 | SOURCE DOCUMENTS & BOOKS OF ORIGINAL ENTRY Source documents Introduction. Cash receipt. | By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: Define a source document. Give examples of source documents. Describe features of a cash / cheque receipt. | Exposition of new terms; Brain storming; Brief discussion. | Cash receipts | New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg 1-2 | |
2 | Invoice. | Outline details of an invoice. | Examine an invoice. Probing questions on details of an invoice; Discussion. | Invoices. | Pg. 3-4 | ||
3 | Debit note and credit note. | Define a debit note and a credit note. Explain purposes of credit notes and credit note. | Examine a debit note and a credit note. Brief discussion on features of the notes. | Debit note and credit note. | Pg. 5-6 | ||
4 | Payment voucher & petty cash voucher. | Identify entry features of a payment voucher & petty cash voucher. | Examine a payment voucher & petty cash voucher. Discussion. | Payment voucher & petty cash voucher. | Pg 6-7 | ||
2 | 1 | Books of original entry.Sales journal. | Highlight features of a sales journal. Prepare a sales journal given credit sales. | Brief discussion; Illustrated example. | Sales journal. | Pg. 8-10 | |
2 | Posting from sales journal to sales ledger and general ledger. | Transfer entries from a sales journal to a sales ledger and general ledger. | Discussion on illustrated examples. | Sales ledger. | Pg 10-12 | ||
2 | 3 | Sales returns journal. | Explain purpose of a sales returns journal. Prepare a sales return journal. | Examine a sales return journal. Discussion on its features Illustrated example: preparing a sales journal given a number of transactions. | Sales returns journal sample page. | Pg. 13-14 | |
4 | Posting entries to the general ledger and sales ledger. | Post entries from sales return journal to the general ledger and the sales ledger. | Illustrated example; Supervised practice. Written exercise. | Sales return journal sample page. | Pg 14 | ||
3 | 1 | Purchases journal. | Prepare a purchases journal given some transactions. | Exposition of new concepts; Illustrated example on preparing a purchases journal given a number of transactions. Supervised practice. | Purchases journal sample page. | Pg. 15-17 | |
2 | Purchases return journal. | Prepare a purchases journal given some transactions. Post entries from the journal to the purchases return ledger. | Exposition of new concepts; Illustrated example on preparing a purchases journal given a number of transactions. Supervised practice. | Purchases return journal sample page. | Pg. 17-19 | ||
3 | Cash receipt journal. | Identify features of a cash receipt journal. Post entries from the journal to the general ledger, cash book and debtors ledger. | Illustrated example on preparing a purchases journal given a number of transactions. Supervised practice. | Cash receipt journal. | Pg. 20-21 | ||
4 | Cash payment journal. | Prepare a cash payment journal. Post cash payment journal entries to ledger accounts correctly. | Exposition of new concepts; Illustrated example; Written exercise. | Illustrated cash payment ledger. | Pg. 22-23 | ||
4 | 1 | The petty cash book with imprest system. | Make entries in a petty cash book. Post entries from the book to ledger accounts. | Illustrated examples; Group assignments. | Illustrated petty cash book. | Pg.26-30 | |
2 | Analysis cash book. | Record transactions in an analysis cash book. | Exposition of new concepts; Worked examples; Discussion; Written exercise. | Cash analysis sample page. | PG. 32-36 | ||
3 | General journal. | Record transactions in a general journal. | Worked examples; Supervised practice. | General journal sample page. | 36-37 | ||
4 | Transactions passed through the general journal. | Identify transactions that are passed through the general journal. | Exposition of new concepts; Detailed discussion. | Pg. 37-40 | |||
5 | 1 | Importance of journals. | State reasons for maintaining journals. | Probing questions; Brief discussion; Topic review & summary; Review of written exercises. | Pg. 41-53 | ||
2 | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Introduction. Trading Period. | By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: Give examples of financial statements. Explain the concept of a trading period of a business. | Brainstorming, Q/A & Explanations. | Pg. 54 | |||
3-4 | Gross Profitor Loss. | Determine the gross profit or loss of a business. | Go through worked examples using various approaches. Supervised practice; Group assignments. | Pg. 55-57 | |||
6 | 1-2 | The Trading Account. | Define the term trading account. Illustrate trading accounts with worked examples. | Q/A to review the process of obtaining gross profit or loss. Worked examples. Supervised practice. Assignment. | Pg. 57-60 | ||
3-4 | Net ProfitorLoss. | Define the terms net profit net loss. Determine net profit or loss. | Brief discussion on distinction between gross and net profit / loss; Worked examples; Supervised practice; Written exercise. | Pg. 60-62 | |||
1-2 | Profit or loss account. | Prepare profit or loss accounts. | Detailed discussion; Worked examples; Supervised practice; Written exercise. | Pg. 62-67 | |||
3-4 | Profit and loss account from a trial balance. | Prepare profit or loss accounts from a trial balance. | Supervised practice; Written exercise. | ||||
7 | 1-2 | The Balance Sheet. | Prepare a balance sheet after making adjustments on capital for specific items. | Exposition of adjustments made on capital for net profit, drawings and additional capital. Worked examples and Exercises. | Pg. 67-68 | ||
3-4 | The Balance Sheet from a trial balance. | Prepare a balance sheet from a trial balance. | Q/A to review a trial balance; Worked examples. | ||||
8 | 1-2 | TEST & MID-TERM BREAK | |||||
3 | Types of Capital. | Outline types of capital. | Probing questions; Teacher’s explanations. | Pg. 68 | |||
4 | Types of capital in a balance sheet. | Illustrate types of capital with balance sheet. | Illustrative examples. Written exercise. | Pg. 69-70 | |||
9 | 1 | Basic financial ratios: – Mark-up. | Define the term mark-up. Explain why mark up is important in a business. Determine business mark up. | Q/A: definition of a ratio. Teacher exposes and explains the new concepts then leads in an example. | Pg. 70-71 | ||
2 | – Margin. | Define the term margin. Explain why margin is important in a business. Determine business margin. | Exposition of new concept; Worked examples; Written exercise. | Pg. 71-72 | |||
3-4 | Using mark-up or margin to prepare a trading account. | Work out the mark-up given the margin and vice-versa. | Guided discovery on the relationship. Illustrative examples. | Pg.72-74 | |||
10 | 1 | Current ratio or Working capital ratio. | Define the term current ratio or working capital ratio. Explain importance of current ratio. Calculate current ratio given various balances. | Exposition & Worked examples; Discussion. | Pg. 75-76 | ||
10 | 2 | Rate of stock turnover. | Define the terms turn over and rate of stock turn over. Calculate the rate of stock turn over. | Exposition, Worked examples & numericals Discussion: implications of rate of stock turnover on a business. | Pg. 76-78 | ||
3-4 | Stock turn-over and trading account. | Prepare the trading account given the rate of stock turn-over. | Illustrative examples & supervised practice. | Pg. 78 | |||
11 | 1 | Return on Capital. | Define the term return on capital. Calculate return on capital. Explain implications of return on capital on a business. | Brief discussion; simple problem solving; Assignment. | Pg. 79 | ||
2-3 | Acid test or quick ratio. | Determine the quick ratio given current assets, stock and current liabilities. | Exposition of new concepts; Simple calculations. | Business Magazines. | Pg. 79-80 | ||
4 | Topic assessment. | Answer questions and work our numericals correctly. | Written exercise; Exercise review; Problem solving. | Pg 82-90 | |||
12-13 | END OF TERM EXAMINATIONS |
SCHEME OF WORK FORM FOUR BUSINESS STUDIES TERM TWO 20……….. | |||||||
WKNO. | L/NO | TOPIC/SUBTOPIC | LESSON / SPECIFICOBJECTIVES | TEACHING / LEARNINGACTIVITIES | MATERIALS / RESOURCES | REF. | REM. |
1 | 1-2 | MONEY & BANKINGIntroduction. Barter trade. | By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: Explain the concepts of money and banking. Describe merits and demerits of barter trade. | Brain storming; Brief discussion. | Pg 91-94 | ||
3 | Money systemCharacteristics of money. | State characteristics of money. | Brainstorming and superficial discussion. | Pg 95-96 | |||
4 | Functions of money. | Explain major functions of money. | Probing questions; Discussion. | Pg. 96-97 | |||
2 | 1 | Demand for money (liquidity preference) | Define the term demand for money. Explain the motives that influence the desire to keep money instead of other assets. | Q/A: review the term demand. Exposition and probing questions. | Pg. 97-99 | ||
2 | 2 | Supply of money.Banking System. | Define the term supply of money. Identify various monetary items that are in circulation in an economy. Identify elements of banking system in Kenya. | Q/A: review the term supply. Expository approach Analyse the hierarchy of banks in Kenya. Give examples of banks in each category. | Pg. 99-100 | ||
3 | Development of Banking.Commercial Banks. | Outline a brief history on development of banking. Identify methods employed by commercial banks to generate profits. Identify services offered by commercial banks. | Exposition and probing questions; Detailed discussion. | Pg. 101-103 | |||
4 | Services offered by commercial banks. (contd) | Describe other services offered by commercial banks. | Discussion on lending money, safekeeping of valuable items, money transfer facilities, e.g. standing order, cheques, savings and current accounts, time deposits. | Pg. 103-9 | |||
3 | 1 | Non-banking financial institutions. | Cite examples of non-banking financial institutions. State functions of non-banking financial institutions. Outline differences between commercial bank and NBFI. | Exposition; Brief discussion; Probing questions. | Pg. 109-113 | ||
2 | Functions of the Central bank. | Identify objectives and functions of the Central Bank. | Exposition of new ideas; Guided discussion. | Pg 113-8 | |||
3 | Trends in banking. | Describe banking policies on types of account, use of computers, ,ATMs, m-banking, Mpesa, e-banking. | Brain storming; Discussion. | Pg. 118-121 | |||
4 | Topic summary & review. | Answer given questions correctky. | Problem solving; Oral questions; Exercise review. | Pg. 122-3 |
4 | 1 | PUBLIC FINANCEPurpose of public finance. Sources of public finance. | Differentiate between internal and external borrowing. | Brainstorming. Brief discussion. | Business Magazines. | Pg.125-7 | |
2 | External borrowing. | Differentiate between reproductive debt and dead weight debt. Identify types of govt’s expenditure. | Exposition; Discussion. | Pg. 127-8 | |||
3 | Government expenditure.Principles of public expenditure. | Differentiate between recurrent and development expenditure. Outline principles of public expenditure. | Exposition & discussion. | Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines. | Pg. 129-130 | ||
4 | Taxation. | Define the term taxation. Identify methods that the give reasons for taxation. | Exposition; Explanations. | Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines. | Pg.131 | ||
5 | 1 | Principles of taxation. | Explain basic principles of taxation. | 132-3 | |||
2 | Impact and incidence of tax.Classification of taxes on basis of structure. | Differentiate between impact and incidence of tax. Classify taxes according to structure. State merits and demerits of taxing people according to structure. | Exposition of new ideas; Give examples and explanations. | Pg. 133-4 | |||
3 | Classification of taxes on basis of impact on the tax payer.– Direct tax. | Classify taxes according to impact on the taxpayer. State and explain merits and demerits of direct tax. | Guided discussion on direct taxes. | Pg. 135-6 | |||
4 | Classification of taxes on basis of impact on the tax payer.– Indirect tax. | State merits and demerits of Indirect tax. | Q/A and guided discussion. | Pg. 138-141 | |||
6 | 1 | Topic summary / review | Tackle review question, | Problem solving.Revision; | Pg. 142-144 | ||
2 | INFLATIONIntroduction Consumer Price index | Define the terms inflation and deflation. Define the term CPI. Compute CPI. | Guided discussion and computations. | Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines. | 145-6 | ||
3 | Simple and weighted price relatives. | Compute the price index using simple average of price relatives. Compute the price index using the weighted average method. | Guided computations. Supervised practice. | Price relative tables. | Pg. 147 | ||
4 | Types of inflation. Causes of demand- pull inflation. | outline types of inflation. Explain the term demand-pull inflation. Explain causes of demand –pull inflation. | Teacher exposes new concepts related to inflation types. Expository and descriptive approaches. | Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines. | Pg. 147-8 Pg. 149-150 | ||
7 | 1 | Causes of cost- pull inflation. | Explain the concept of cost-pull inflation. Explain the causes of cost-pull inflation. | Expository and descriptive approaches with probing questions. | Pg. 152 | ||
7 | 2 | Levels of inflation &Effects of inflation on the economy of a country. | Highlight various levels of inflation. Outline positive and negative effects of inflation. | Probing questions; Discussion.. | Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines. | Pg. 152-3, 154-6 | |
3 | Controlling inflation. | Identify some policies adopted by the govt to reduce or control inflation. | Discussion on: control of money supply, control of demand, cost control. | Pg. 156-8 | |||
4 | Topic assessment. | Answer questions correctly. | Answering questions; Topic summary. | Pg 160-1. | |||
8 | 1-2 | TEST / MID-TERM BREAK | |||||
3 | INTERNATIONAL TRADE Types of International Trade. Advantages and disadvantages of International Trade. | Distinguish bilateral trade from multilateral trade. State advantages and disadvantages of International Trade. | Brainstorming and guided discussion. Q/A & guided discussion | Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines. | Pg. 163-4 | ||
4 | Terms of International Trade. | Explain the concept terms of International Trade. Distinguish favourable trade from unfavourable terms of trade. | Probing questions, brief discussion. | Pg. 164-6 | |||
9 | 1 | Terms of trade among different countries. | Account for differences in terms of terms of trade among nations. | Probing questions and guided discussion. | Pg. 167-8 | ||
9 | 2 | Balance of Payments. (Current A/C) | Define the term balance of payments. Analyse components of balance of payments. (Current A/C). | Exposition of new concepts and detailed discussion. | Pg. Pg. 168-9 | ||
3-4 | Balance of Payments. (Capital A/C) | Cite examples of transactions that affect the Capital A/C. | Q/A: review types of capital. Exposition of new concepts and detailed discussion. | Pg. 169-170 | |||
10 | 1 | Overall Balance of Payments. | Determine the overall balance of payments. | Q/A: review current A/C and capital A/C. Illustrative examples. Assignment. | Pg. 170 | ||
23 | The Official Settlement A/C. Disequilibrium of Balance of payments. Correction of balance of payment disequilibrium. | Define the Official Settlement A/C. Identify causes of Disequilibrium of Balance of payments. Outline methods of correcting of balance of payment disequilibrium. | Guided brief discussion. Exposition of new concepts & explanations; Discussion. | Pg. 171 Pg. 172-5 | |||
4 | Terms of sale in international trade. | Identify common terms of sale in international trade. | Exposition & explanations; Probing questions; Discussion. | Pg. 175 |
11 | 1-2 | Documents used in international trade. | Identify major documents used in international trade. | Give examples of relevant documents. Give examples of relevant documents. | Pg. 176-7 | ||
3-4 | IMF, ADF and World bank. | State objectives of IMF, ADF and World bank.. Trace a background to the growth of specific development funds. | Brain storming; Discussion. | Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines. | Pg. 179-180 | ||
12-13 | END OF TERM TWO EXAMINATIONS |
SCHEME OF WORK FORM FOUR BUSINESS STUDIES TERM THREE 20……….. | |||||||
WKNO. | L/NO | TOPIC/SUBTOPIC | LESSON / SPECIFICOBJECTIVES | TEACHING / LEARNINGACTIVITIES | MATERIALS / RESOURCES | REF. | REM. |
1 | 1 | ECONOMIC INTEGRATIONForms & importance of economic integration. | Define economic integration. Identify forms of economic integration. Outline forms of economic integration. Analyze importance of economic integration. Enumerate advantages and disadvantages of free trade. | Q/A review relevant terms. Probing questions & guided discussion. | Pg. 182-5 | ||
2-3 | Trade restrictions. | Cite reasons for trade restrictions. Outline methods of trade restriction. | Q/A & guided discovery. | Pg. 185-7 | |||
4 | Methods of trade restrictions. | Highlight some methods used to control trade restrictions. | Q/A & exposition. | Pg 186-7 | |||
2 | 1 | Advantages and disadvantages of trade restrictions. | State advantages and disadvantages of trade restrictions. | Exposition of new concepts. | Pg 187-8 | ||
2 | Trends in international trade. | Analyse some current trends in international trade. | Probing questions and brief discussion on EPZ, liberalization e-trade &website. | Pg 188-9 | |||
3-4 | ECONOMIC DEVP AND PLANNING Growth and development. | Define economic growth of a country. Identify structural changes that may accompany economic development. | Guided discussion & oral questions. | Pg 195-6 | |||
3 | 1 | Underdevelopment. | Identify characteristics of under – development | Brainstorming, questioning & discussion. | Pg 197-199 | ||
2 | Factors for underdevelopment. | Highlight some factors that impede development. | Q/A guided discussion. | Pg. 200-2 | |||
3 | Development planning. | Site some objectives of planning. Give reasons why development planning is necessary. | Probing questions /guided discussion. | Pg. 202-4 | |||
4 | Problems encountered in development planning. | State problems encountered in development planning. | Probing questions /guided discussion. Quiz. | Pg. 204-6 | |||
4-6 | REVISION FOR K.C.S.E. | ||||||
6-9 | K.C.S.E. EXAMINATIONS |